Alfred Şüts (alm. Alfred Schütz; 13 aprel 1899[…], Vyana – 20 may 1959[…], Nyu-York, Nyu-York ştatı) — Avstriya mənşəli amerikalı sosioloq və fenomenoloji fəlsəfə üzrə mütəxəssis. O, sosial elmlərdə fenomenologiyanın tətbiqinə önəmli töhfələr vermiş və ilə anlaşılmasına yönəlmiş tədqiqatları ilə tanınmışdır.
Alfred Şüts | |
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alm. Alfred Schütz | |
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Doğum tarixi | 13 aprel 1899[…] |
Doğum yeri | |
Vəfat tarixi | 20 may 1959[…](60 yaşında) |
Vəfat yeri | |
Elm sahəsi | fenomenologiya |
İş yeri | |
Təhsili | |
Elmi rəhbəri | Hanz Kelsen |
Bioqrafiyası
Alfred Şüts 1899-cu ildə Avstriyanın Vyana şəhərində anadan olmuşdur.Birinci Dünya müharibəsi zamanı hərbi xidmət keçdikdən sonra Vyana Universitetində hüquq və sosial elmlər üzrə təhsil almışdır. Onun intellektual inkişafına Edmund Husserlin fenomenologiyası dərin təsir göstərmişdir.
1939-cu ildə Avstriyada faşizmin yüksəlişi nəticəsində ABŞ-a köçmüş və burada universitetində dərs deməyə başlamışdır. O, ömrünün sonuna qədər bu universitetdə çalışmışdır. Şüts fenomenologiyanın sosiologiyaya tətbiqində qabaqcıl fiqurlardan biri hesab olunur. Onun əsas elmi məqsədi gündəlik həyatda insanların necə mənalar yaratdığını və bu mənalar vasitəsilə sosial reallığı necə inşa etdiklərini izah etmək idi.
O, Husserlin "yaşanmış təcrübə" və "intensionallıq" anlayışlarını Maks Veberin "subyektiv anlam" nəzəriyyəsi ilə sintez edərək yeni bir sosial fəlsəfə yaratmışdır. Şütsin əsas əsəri "The Phenomenology of the Social World" (1932) adlanır və burada sosial fəaliyyətin mənəvi əsasları araşdırılır.
Əsas ideyaları:
- Sosial reallıq fərdlərin əsasında formalaşır.
- İnsanlar gündəlik həyatda fəaliyyətlərini "öz-özünə aydın" hesab etdikləri ("stock of knowledge") əsasında qururlar.
- Sosial dünya qarşılıqlı anlayışlara və "ortaq mənalar"a əsaslanır.
- — fərdlərarası mənaların paylaşılması — sosial həyatın əsasını təşkil edir.
Şütsin fikirləri , etnometodologiya və kimi sahələrin inkişafına dərin təsir göstərmişdir. Onun tələbələrindən biri olan Tomas Lukman və sosioloq Piter Berqer onun fenomenoloji yanaşmasını daha da inkişaf etdirərək məşhur "The Social Construction of Reality" (1966) adlı əsəri yazmışlar.
Alfred Şüts 1959-cu ildə ABŞ-ın Nyu-York şəhərində vəfat etmişdir. Onun fenomenoloji sosiologiya sahəsindəki mirası bu gün də aktuallığını qoruyur.
Seçilmiş biblioqrafiyası
1932: Der sinnhafte Aufbau der sozialen Welt: eine Einleitung in die verstehende Soziologie. Wien: J. Springer.
1941: "William James' Concept of the Stream of Consciousness Phenomenologically Interpreted." Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 1:442–51.
1942: "Scheler's Theory of Intersubjectivity & the General Thesis of the Alter Ego." Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 2: 323–47.
1944: "The Stranger." American Journal of Sociology 49(6):499–507.
1945: "On Multiple Realities." Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 5:533–576.
1948: "Sartre's Theory of Alter Ego." Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 9:181–199.
1951: "Choosing Among Projects of Action." Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 12:161–84.
1953: "Edmund Husserl's Ideas, Volume II." Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 13: 394–413.
1953: "Die Phänomenologie und die fundamente der Wissenschaften. (Ideas III by Edmund Husserl: A Review.)" Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 13:506–14.
1953: "Common-sense and Scientific Interpretation of Human Action." Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 14:1–38.
1954: "Concept and Theory Formation in the Social Sciences." The Journal of Philosophy. 51:257–72.
1957: "Max Scheler's Epistemology and Ethics: I." The Review of Metaphysics 11:304–14.
1958: "Max Scheler's Epistemology and Ethics: II." Review of Metaphysics. 11:486–501.
1959: "Type and Eidos in Husserl's Late Philosophy." Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 20:147–65.
1962–66: Collected Papers I: The Problem of Social Reality, edited by M. A. Natanson and H. L. van Breda. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.
- Collected Papers II. Studies in Social Theory, edited by A. Brodersen. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.
- Collected Papers III. Studies in Phenomenological Philosophy, edited by I. Schutz and Aron Gurwitsch. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.
1967: The Phenomenology of the Social World. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press.
1970: Reflections on the Problem of Relevance, edited by R. Zaner. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
1970: On Phenomenology and Social Relations: Selected Writings, edited by Helmut R. Wagner. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
1971: Das Problem der Relevanz. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp Verlag.
1972: Gesammelte Aufsätze: Band I. Das Problem der Sozialen Wirklichkeit Translated by B. Luckmann and R.H. Grathoff. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.
1972: Gesammelte Aufsätze: Band II. Studien zur Soziologischen Theorie, translated by A. von Baeyer and edited by A. Brodersen. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.
1972: Gesammelte Aufsätze: Band III. Studien zur Phänomenologischen Philosophie, translated by A. von Baeyer and edited by I. Schutz. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.
1973: The Structures of the Life-World [Strukturen der Lebenswelt], with Thomas Luckmann, translated by R. M. Zaner and H. Tristram Engelhardt Jr., Jr. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press.
1976: "Fragments on the Phenomenology of Music." Music Man 2:5–72.
1977: Zur Theorie sozialen Handelns: Briefwechsel Alfred Schutz, Talcott Parsons, edited by W. M. Sprondel. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp.
- 1978: The Theory of Social Action: The Correspondence of Alfred Schutz and Talcott Parsons, edited by Richard Grathoff. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
1982: Life forms and meaning structure [Lebensformen und Sinnstruktur], translated by H. R. Wagner. London: Routledge & K. Paul.
1985: Alfred Schutz, Aron Gurwitsch: Briefwechsel, 1939-1959, edited by Ludwig Landgrebe. München: W. Fink.
- 1989: Philosophers in Exile: the Correspondence of Alfred Schutz and Aron Gurwitsch, 1939-1959, translated by J. C. Evans and edited by R. Grathoff. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.
1996: Collected Papers IV, edited by H. Wagner, G. Psathas, and F. Kersten. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
2010: Zur Methodologie der Sozialwissenschaften. Werkausgabe Alfred Schütz, 4: Hrsg.: Jochen Dreher, Thomas Eberle, Gerald Sebald. UVK-Verlag: Konstanz, .
2011: Relevanz und Handeln 2.Gesellschaftliches Wissen und politisches Handeln. Werkausgabe Alfred Schütz, 6; Hrsg.: Andreas Göttlich, Gerald Sebald, Jan Weyand. UVK-Verlag: Konstanz, .
2013: Schriften zur Literatur. Werkausgabe Alfred Schütz; 8; Hrsg.: Michael D. Barber and Jochen Dreher. UVK-Verlag: Konstanz, München; .
Həmçinin bax
İstinadlar
- Bibliothèque nationale de France BnF identifikatoru (fr.): açıq məlumat platforması. 2011.
- Alfred Schutz // Encyclopædia Britannica (ing.).
- Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Record #118611135 // Ümumi tənzimləmə nəzarəti (GND) (alm.). 2012—2016.
- Walsh, George. 1997. "Introduction." In The Phenomenology of the Social World, by Alfred Schütz. Illinois.
- Barber, Michael. "Alfred Schutz". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. İstifadə tarixi: 5 October 2012.
- Schutz, A. Collected Papers I: The Problem of Social Reality, edited by M. A. Natanson and H. L. van Breda. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff; Collected Papers II. Studies in Social Theory, edited by A. Brodersen. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff; Collected Papers III. Studies in Phenomenological Philosophy, edited by I. Schutz and Aron Gurwitsch. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff
- Barber, Michael. The Participating Citizen: A Biography of Alfred Schutz.
- Allan, Kenneth. Explorations in Classical Sociological Theory. 314.
- Wagner, Helmut R. Alfred Schutz: An Intellectual Biography. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. 1983. səh. 6.
- Allan, Kenneth. Explorations in classical sociological theory : seeing the social world. Thousand Oaks: Pine Forge Press. 2005. səh. 314. ISBN .
- Allan, Kenneth. Explorations in Classical Sociological Theory. Pine Forge Press. 2010. 314.
Əlavə ədəbiyyat
- Michael Barber, Alfred Schutz In: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
- Barber, M. (2004). The Participating Citizen: A Biography of Alfred Schutz. New York: State University of New York Press.
- Embree, Lester. (2000). “Schutz, Alfred (1899-1959), Philosopher and Social Scientist.” Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
- Jochen Dreher: Alfred Schutz In: George Ritzer, Jeff Stepnisky (Hrsg.): The Wiley-Blackwell Companion to Major Social Theorists, Vol. I Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford 2011, ISBN , S. 489–510.
- Wagner, H. R. (1983). Alfred Schutz: An Intellectual Biography. Chicago and London, The University of Chicago Press.
- Grathoff, R., Evans C. (1989). Philosophers in Exile: The Correspondence of Alfred Schutz and Aron Gurwitsch, 1939-1959 Indianapolis, Indiana University Press.
- Nasu, Hisashi & Waksler, Frances C. (2012). (Eds.). Interaction in Everyday Life: Phenomenology and Ethnomethodological Essays in Honor of George Psathas. Lanham, Maryland, Lexington Books. ISBN
- Rehorick, David & Bentz, Valerie M. (2017). (Eds.). Expressions of Phenomenological Research: Consciousness and Lifeworld Studies. Santa Barbara, CA: Fielding University Press. ISBN
Xarici keçidlər
- Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, "Alfred Schutz," by Michael Barber
- Alfred Schutz Papers. General Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University.
- The Alfred Schutz Archive.
- Society for Phenomenology and Existential Philosophy.
- Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy - Phenomenology
- Social Science Archive Konstanz (Alfred Schutz Memorial Archive)
- Sozialwissenschaftliches Archiv Konstanz – Alfred-Schütz-Gedächtnis–Archiv
- The International Alfred Schutz Circle for Phenomenology and Interpretive Social Science
- The New School
- Guide to the Papers of the Alfred Schutz Family at the Leo Baeck Institute, New York.
- Alfred Schutz YouTube Video
- Society for Phenomenology and the Human Sciences (SPHS)
- Human Studies: A Journal of Philosophy and the Social Sciences (Springer)
- Əsərləri və ya müəllifi olduğu işlər: Alfred Şüts İnternet arxivində
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Alfred Suts alm Alfred Schutz 13 aprel 1899 1 2 Vyana 3 20 may 1959 1 2 Nyu York Nyu York stati Avstriya menseli amerikali sosioloq ve fenomenoloji felsefe uzre mutexessis O sosial elmlerde fenomenologiyanin tetbiqine onemli tohfeler vermis ve fealiyyet nezeriyyesi ile subyektiv sosial dunyanin anlasilmasina yonelmis tedqiqatlari ile taninmisdir 4 Alfred Sutsalm Alfred Schutz Dogum tarixi 13 aprel 1899 1899 04 13 1 2 Dogum yeri Vyana Avstriya Macaristan 3 Vefat tarixi 20 may 1959 1959 05 20 1 2 60 yasinda Vefat yeri Nyu York Nyu York stati ABS Elm sahesi fenomenologiya Is yeri Yeni mekteb Nyu York Tehsili Vyana Universiteti Elmi rehberi Hanz Kelsen Mundericat 1 Bioqrafiyasi 2 Secilmis biblioqrafiyasi 3 Hemcinin bax 4 Istinadlar 5 Elave edebiyyat 6 Xarici kecidlerBioqrafiyasiredakteAlfred Suts 1899 cu ilde Avstriyanin Vyana seherinde anadan olmusdur 5 Birinci Dunya muharibesi zamani herbi xidmet kecdikden sonra Vyana Universitetinde huquq ve sosial elmler uzre tehsil almisdir Onun intellektual inkisafina Edmund Husserlin fenomenologiyasi derin tesir gostermisdir 6 1939 cu ilde Avstriyada fasizmin yukselisi neticesinde ABS a kocmus ve burada Sosial Tedqiqatlar ucun Yeni Mekteb universitetinde ders demeye baslamisdir O omrunun sonuna qeder bu universitetde calismisdir 7 Suts fenomenologiyanin sosiologiyaya tetbiqinde qabaqcil fiqurlardan biri hesab olunur Onun esas elmi meqsedi gundelik heyatda insanlarin nece menalar yaratdigini ve bu menalar vasitesile sosial realligi nece insa etdiklerini izah etmek idi 8 O Husserlin yasanmis tecrube ve intensionalliq anlayislarini Maks Veberin subyektiv anlam nezeriyyesi ile sintez ederek yeni bir sosial felsefe yaratmisdir Sutsin esas eseri The Phenomenology of the Social World 1932 adlanir ve burada sosial fealiyyetin menevi esaslari arasdirilir 9 Esas ideyalari Sosial realliq ferdlerin subyektiv tecrubeleri esasinda formalasir Insanlar gundelik heyatda fealiyyetlerini oz ozune aydin hesab etdikleri bilik ehtiyati stock of knowledge esasinda qururlar Sosial dunya qarsiliqli anlayislara ve ortaq menalar a esaslanir Intersubyektivlik ferdlerarasi menalarin paylasilmasi sosial heyatin esasini teskil edir Sutsin fikirleri simvolik interaksionizm etnometodologiya ve tefsirci sosiologiya kimi sahelerin inkisafina derin tesir gostermisdir Onun telebelerinden biri olan Tomas Lukman ve sosioloq Piter Berqer onun fenomenoloji yanasmasini daha da inkisaf etdirerek meshur The Social Construction of Reality 1966 adli eseri yazmislar 10 Alfred Suts 1959 cu ilde ABS in Nyu York seherinde vefat etmisdir 11 Onun fenomenoloji sosiologiya sahesindeki mirasi bu gun de aktualligini qoruyur Secilmis biblioqrafiyasiredakte1932 Der sinnhafte Aufbau der sozialen Welt eine Einleitung in die verstehende Soziologie Wien J Springer 1941 William James Concept of the Stream of Consciousness Phenomenologically Interpreted Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 1 442 51 1942 Scheler s Theory of Intersubjectivity amp the General Thesis of the Alter Ego Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 2 323 47 1944 The Stranger American Journal of Sociology 49 6 499 507 1945 On Multiple Realities Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 5 533 576 1948 Sartre s Theory of Alter Ego Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 9 181 199 1951 Choosing Among Projects of Action Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 12 161 84 1953 Edmund Husserl s Ideas Volume II Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 13 394 413 1953 Die Phanomenologie und die fundamente der Wissenschaften Ideas III by Edmund Husserl A Review Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 13 506 14 1953 Common sense and Scientific Interpretation of Human Action Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 14 1 38 1954 Concept and Theory Formation in the Social Sciences The Journal of Philosophy 51 257 72 1957 Max Scheler s Epistemology and Ethics I The Review of Metaphysics 11 304 14 1958 Max Scheler s Epistemology and Ethics II Review of Metaphysics 11 486 501 1959 Type and Eidos in Husserl s Late Philosophy Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 20 147 65 1962 66 Collected Papers I The Problem of Social Reality edited by M A Natanson and H L van Breda Dordrecht Martinus Nijhoff Publishers Collected Papers II Studies in Social Theory edited by A Brodersen Dordrecht Martinus Nijhoff Publishers Collected Papers III Studies in Phenomenological Philosophy edited by I Schutz and Aron Gurwitsch Dordrecht Martinus Nijhoff Publishers 1967 The Phenomenology of the Social World Evanston IL Northwestern University Press 1970 Reflections on the Problem of Relevance edited by R Zaner New Haven CT Yale University Press 1970 On Phenomenology and Social Relations Selected Writings edited by Helmut R Wagner Chicago University of Chicago Press 1971 Das Problem der Relevanz Frankfurt am Main Suhrkamp Verlag 1972 Gesammelte Aufsatze Band I Das Problem der Sozialen Wirklichkeit Translated by B Luckmann and R H Grathoff Dordrecht The Netherlands Martinus Nijhoff Publishers 1972 Gesammelte Aufsatze Band II Studien zur Soziologischen Theorie translated by A von Baeyer and edited by A Brodersen Dordrecht Martinus Nijhoff Publishers 1972 Gesammelte Aufsatze Band III Studien zur Phanomenologischen Philosophie translated by A von Baeyer and edited by I Schutz Dordrecht Martinus Nijhoff Publishers 1973 The Structures of the Life World Strukturen der Lebenswelt with Thomas Luckmann translated by R M Zaner and H Tristram Engelhardt Jr Jr Evanston IL Northwestern University Press 1976 Fragments on the Phenomenology of Music Music Man 2 5 72 1977 Zur Theorie sozialen Handelns Briefwechsel Alfred Schutz Talcott Parsons edited by W M Sprondel Frankfurt am Main Suhrkamp 1978 The Theory of Social Action The Correspondence of Alfred Schutz and Talcott Parsons edited by Richard Grathoff Bloomington Indiana University Press 1982 Life forms and meaning structure Lebensformen und Sinnstruktur translated by H R Wagner London Routledge amp K Paul 1985 Alfred Schutz Aron Gurwitsch Briefwechsel 1939 1959 edited by Ludwig Landgrebe Munchen W Fink 1989 Philosophers in Exile the Correspondence of Alfred Schutz and Aron Gurwitsch 1939 1959 translated by J C Evans and edited by R Grathoff Bloomington IN Indiana University Press 1996 Collected Papers IV edited by H Wagner G Psathas and F Kersten Dordrecht Kluwer Academic Publishers 2010 Zur Methodologie der Sozialwissenschaften Werkausgabe Alfred Schutz 4 Hrsg Jochen Dreher Thomas Eberle Gerald Sebald UVK Verlag Konstanz ISBN 9783896697455 2011 Relevanz und Handeln 2 Gesellschaftliches Wissen und politisches Handeln Werkausgabe Alfred Schutz 6 Hrsg Andreas Gottlich Gerald Sebald Jan Weyand UVK Verlag Konstanz ISBN 9783896697424 2013 Schriften zur Literatur Werkausgabe Alfred Schutz 8 Hrsg Michael D Barber and Jochen Dreher UVK Verlag Konstanz Munchen ISBN 9783896697400 Hemcinin baxredakteFenomenologiya Edmund Husserl Maks Veber Piter Berqer Simvolik interaksionizmIstinadlarredakte 1 2 3 4 Bibliotheque nationale de France BnF identifikatoru nbsp fr aciq melumat platformasi 2011 1 2 3 4 Alfred Schutz Encyclopaedia Britannica nbsp ing 1 2 Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Record 118611135 Umumi tenzimleme nezareti GND nbsp alm 2012 2016 Walsh George 1997 Introduction In The Phenomenology of the Social World by Alfred Schutz Illinois Barber Michael Alfred Schutz Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Istifade tarixi 5 October 2012 Schutz A Collected Papers I The Problem of Social Reality edited by M A Natanson and H L van Breda Dordrecht Martinus Nijhoff Collected Papers II Studies in Social Theory edited by A Brodersen Dordrecht Martinus Nijhoff Collected Papers III Studies in Phenomenological Philosophy edited by I Schutz and Aron Gurwitsch Dordrecht Martinus Nijhoff Barber Michael The Participating Citizen A Biography of Alfred Schutz Allan Kenneth Explorations in Classical Sociological Theory 314 Wagner Helmut R Alfred Schutz An Intellectual Biography Chicago The University of Chicago Press 1983 seh nbsp 6 Allan Kenneth Explorations in classical sociological theory nbsp seeing the social world Thousand Oaks Pine Forge Press 2005 seh nbsp 314 ISBN nbsp 9781412905725 Allan Kenneth Explorations in Classical Sociological Theory Pine Forge Press 2010 314 Elave edebiyyatredakteMichael Barber Alfred Schutz In Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Barber M 2004 The Participating Citizen A Biography of Alfred Schutz New York State University of New York Press Embree Lester 2000 Schutz Alfred 1899 1959 Philosopher and Social Scientist Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy Jochen Dreher Alfred Schutz In George Ritzer Jeff Stepnisky Hrsg The Wiley Blackwell Companion to Major Social Theorists Vol I Wiley Blackwell Oxford 2011 ISBN nbsp 978 1 4443 3078 6 S 489 510 Wagner H R 1983 Alfred Schutz An Intellectual Biography Chicago and London The University of Chicago Press Grathoff R Evans C 1989 Philosophers in Exile The Correspondence of Alfred Schutz and Aron Gurwitsch 1939 1959 Indianapolis Indiana University Press Nasu Hisashi amp Waksler Frances C 2012 Eds Interaction in Everyday Life Phenomenology and Ethnomethodological Essays in Honor of George Psathas Lanham Maryland Lexington Books ISBN nbsp 978 0 7391 7644 3 Rehorick David amp Bentz Valerie M 2017 Eds Expressions of Phenomenological Research Consciousness and Lifeworld Studies Santa Barbara CA Fielding University Press ISBN nbsp 978 1 5484 5200 1Xarici kecidlerredakteStanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Alfred Schutz by Michael Barber Alfred Schutz Papers General Collection Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library Yale University The Alfred Schutz Archive Society for Phenomenology and Existential Philosophy Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy Phenomenology Social Science Archive Konstanz Alfred Schutz Memorial Archive Sozialwissenschaftliches Archiv Konstanz nbsp Alfred Schutz Gedachtnis Archiv The International Alfred Schutz Circle for Phenomenology and Interpretive Social Science The New School Guide to the Papers of the Alfred Schutz Family at the Leo Baeck Institute New York Alfred Schutz YouTube Video Society for Phenomenology and the Human Sciences SPHS Human Studies A Journal of Philosophy and the Social Sciences Springer Eserleri ve ya muellifi oldugu isler Alfred Suts Internet arxivinde Menbe https az wikipedia org w index php title Alfred Suts amp oldid 8242497