Vikipediya azad ensiklopediya Ukrayna Milliyyətçiləri Təşkilatı ОУН OUN ОУНОрганізація українських нацiоналiстiвYaranma

Vikipediya azad ensiklopediya Ukrayna Milliyyetcileri Teskilati OUN OUN OUNOrganizaciya ukrayinskih nacionalistivYaranma tarixi 1929kmoun info Vikianbarda elaqeli mediafayllar Ukrayna Milletcileri Teskilati ukr Organizaciya ukrayinskih nacionalistiv Rom Orqanizatsiya ukrayinskix natsionalistiv Ukraynanin milletci siyasi teskilati Teskilat 1929 cu ilde Vyanada yaradilib ve ilk defe Ukrayna Herbi Teskilati kicik radikal sagci qruplar ve Dmitro Dontsov Yevhen Konovalets Mikola Stoborski kimi sagci Ukrayna milletcileri ve ziyalilari arasinda bir ittifaq kimi yaranmisdir Teskilatin meqsedi Polsa Cexoslovakiya ve Rusiyadaki etnik ukraynalilarin erazilerinde xarici ve daxili dusmenlere qarsi zorakiliq ve terror yolu da daxil olmaqla butun yollarda daxil olmaqla musteqil Ukrayna dovleti yaratmaga calismaq idi Tarixi ve ideoloji esaslar span UMT 1929 cu ilde UVO bir sira gencler teskilatlarinin ve ukraynali siyasi muhacirlerin birlesmesi neticesinde yaranmisdir Onun esas ideoloji lideri ve ilk nezeriyyecilerinden biri olmusdur Dontsovun ireli surduyu inqilabi milletcilik ideyasi teskilatin fealiyyet istiqametine tesir gostermisdi UMT in yaranmasina tekan veren esas sebeblerden biri Polsa dovletinin qerbi Ukrayna erazisinde aparilan assimilasiya ve repressiya siyaseti idi 1930 cu illerde UMT esasen Polsa Cexoslovakiya ve Ruminiyada yasayan ukraynalilar arasinda fealiyyet gosterirdi Bu dovrde teskilat silahli partizan desteleri yaratdi Polsa idarecilerine ve huquq muhafize orqanlarina qarsi hucumlar teskil etdi ve Ukrayna mekteblerinin mudafiesi ve milli medeniyyetin qorunmasi ucun tebligat apardi 1934 cu ilde Polsanin daxili isler naziri UMT terefinden oldurulmesi beynelxalq rezonans dogurdu Bu hadiseden sonra teskilat qadagan olundu ve uzvlerine qarsi genismiqyasli teqibler baslandi 1940 ci ilde teskilat iki yere bolundu UMT M Andrey Melnicenkoin rehberliyi ile daha muhafizekar Almaniya ile daha ehtiyatli emekdasliq terefdari UMT B Stepan Banderanin rehberliyi ile daha radikal ve inqilabi metodlara ustunluk veren qrup Bu parcalanma teskilatin sonraki illerdeki fealiyyetine ciddi tesir gosterdi 1941 ci ilde Nasist Almaniyasi SSRI ye hucum etdikden sonra UMT B Lvovda musteqil Ukrayna dovletini elan etdi Lakin Almaniya bu tesebbusu tanimadi ve Bandera elece de onun terefdarlari hebs olundu Bu dovrde OUN un silahli qanadi olan Ukrayna Usyan Ordusu UUO UPA formalasdirildi UUO Alman ve Sovet quvvelerine qarsi mubarize apardi 1943 1945 ci illerde Volin qirgini kimi hadiselerde polyaklara qarsi genismiqyasli zorakiliqlarda istirak etdi 1950 ci illere qeder Qerbi Ukrayna meselerinde partizan mubarizesi aparmaga davam etdi Sovet hakimiyyeti dovrunde OUN ve onun uzvleri fasistler xalq dusmenleri kimi teqdim olunurdu Teskilat ve onun herbi qanadi ile mubarize meqsedile NKVD ve daha sonra KQB xususi emeliyyatlar heyata kecirmisdi Stepan Bandera 1959 cu ilde Munhende KQB agenti terefinden olduruldu 1991 ci ilde Ukraynanin musteqillik qazanmasindan sonra UMT ve UUO nun fealiyyeti yeniden qiymetlendirilmeye baslandi Xususile Qerbi Ukraynada bu teskilatlar milli azadliq ugrunda mubarizenin simvolu kimi qebul edilir 2015 ci ilde Ukrayna parlamenti OUN ve UUO doyusculerine musteqillik ugrunda mubarize istirakcilari statusu verdi Bununla bele teskilatin bezi fealiyyetleri xususen Holokost ve polyaklara qarsi zorakiliqlar kontekstinde beynelxalq miqyasda mubahiseli olaraq qalir Hemcinin bax span Volin qirginiIstinadlar span Shekhovtsov Anton The Creeping Resurgence of the Ukrainian Radical Right The Case of the Freedom Party Europe Asia Studies 63 2 mart 2011 207 210 doi 10 1080 09668136 2011 547696 Rudling Per Anders The Cult of Roman Shukhevych in Ukraine Myth Making with Complications Fascism 5 1 2016 31 doi 10 1163 22116257 00501003 ISSN 2211 6249 14 iyul 2022 tarixinde arxivlesdirilib Istifade tarixi 17 oktyabr 2022 Founded in 1929 the OUN was the largest and most important Ukrainian far right organization Explicitly totalitarian the movement embraced the Fuhrerprinzip a cult of political violence racism and an aggressive anti Semitism It sought the establishment of Ukrainian statehood at any price Mysl Polska Konferencja Polska Ukraina przyjazn i partnerstwo OUN UPA hanba i potepienie Nie Ma Zgody Na Klamstwo There s No Agreement to Accept a Lie Federacja Organizacji Kresowych 17 may 2008 28 dekabr 2016 tarixinde arxivlesdirilib Istifade tarixi 27 dekabr 2016 Dr Georges Digas przekazal zebranym interesujace informacje na temat pracy aparatu sprawiedliwosci w ZSRR ktory zajmowal sie OUN UPA po 1944 roku Wedlug danych oficjalnych pod wplywem OUN pozostawalo podczas wojny ok 300 tys Ukraincow z czego w walkach z NKWD i Armia Czerwona do 1950 r zginelo 120 tys 60 tys ucieklo na Zachod a ok 80 tys wywieziono na Syberie Derzhavnij arhiv Lvivskoyi oblasti 5 yanvar 2017 tarixinde arxivlesdirilib Istifade tarixi 19 dekabr 2016 Snyder Timothy The Reconstruction of Nations Poland Ukraine Lithuania Belarus 1569 1999 Yale University Press 2004 seh 143 ISBN 978 0 300 10586 5 The OUN was an illegal conspirational and terrorist organization bound to destroy the status quo The OUN counted on German help Germany was the only possible ally Katchanovski Ivan The Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists the Ukrainian Insurgent Army and the Nazi Genocide in Ukraine Paper Presented at the Collaboration in Eastern Europe During World War II and the Holocaust Conference Center for Advanced Holocaust Studies United States Holocaust MemorialMuseum amp Vienna Wiesenthal Institute for Holocaust Studies 2013 10 iyul 2024 tarixinde arxivlesdirilib Istifade tarixi 19 may 2025 The OUN and the UPA can both be classified as terrorist organizations because their actions correspond to academic definitions of terrorism as the use of violence against civilians by non state actors in order to intimidate and to achieve political goals Delphine Bechtel The Holocaust in Ukraine New Sources and Perspectives The 1941 pogroms as represented in Western Ukrainian historiography and memorial culture PDF United States Holocaust Memorial Museum 2013 3 6 20 may 2014 tarixinde arxivlesdirilib PDF Istifade tarixi 19 may 2025 Some Ukrainian immigrant circles in Canada the United States and Germany had been active for decades in trying to suppress the topic and reacted to any testimony about Ukrainian anti Jewish violence with virulent diatribes against what they dismissed as Jewish propaganda the Ukrainian Insurrectional Army UPA which was responsible for ethnic cleansing actions against Poles and Jews in Volhynia and Galicia Plokhy Serhii The Gates of Europe A History of Ukraine New York Basic Books 2015 320 24 mart 2025 tarixinde arxivlesdirilib Istifade tarixi 19 may 2025 The Ukrainian Insurgent Army which had close to 100 000 soldiers at its height in the summer of 1944 was fighting behind the Soviet lines disrupting Red Army communications and attacking units farther from the front Among the UPA s major successes was the killing of a leading Soviet commander General Nikolai Vatutin On 29 February 1944 UPA fighters ambushed and wounded Vatutin as he was returning from a meeting with subordinates in Rivne the former capital of the Reichskommissariat Ukraine He died in Kyiv in mid April Khrushchev who attended Vatutin s funeral buried his friend in the government center of Kyiv not all the UPA fighters shared the nationalist ideology or belonged to the OUN Rudling Per Anders The Return of the Ukrainian Far Right The Case of VO Svoboda Wodak and Richardson redaktor Analysing Fascist Discourse European Fascism in Talk and Text New York Routledge 2013 229 235 During the Cold War US West German and British intelligence utilized various OUN wings in ideological warfare and covert actions against the Soviet Union Breitman and Goda 2010 73 98 Breitman Goda Naftali and Wolfe 2005 Funded by the CIA which sponsored Lebed s immigration to the United States and protected him from prosecution for war crimes OUN z activists formed the core of the Proloh Research and Publishing Association a pro nationalist semi academic publisher Christopher Gilley 2006 A Simple Question of Pragmatism Sovietophilism in the West Ukrainian Emigration in the 1920s Arxiv sureti 30 sentyabr 2007 tarixinden Wayback Machine saytinda Arxivlesdirilib 30 sentyabr 2007 at the Wayback Machine Working Paper Koszalin Institute of Comparative European Studies pp 6 13 Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine 18 may 2024 tarixinde arxivlesdirilib Istifade tarixi 1 may 2024 Orest Subtelny 1988 Ukraine A History Toronto University of Toronto Press pp 441 446 Snyder Timothy To Resolve the Ukrainian Problem Once and for All The Ethnic Cleansing of Ukrainians in Poland 1943 1947 Journal of Cold War Studies 1 2 1999 117 doi 10 1162 15203979952559531 ISSN 1520 3972 JSTOR 26925017 In interwar Poland the Ukrainian nationalist OUN was a far smaller party than the moderate UNDO Compilation of various authors Ukrainian Fascism A compilation of articles by various US Canadian and European authors describing the role of various fascist organizations in Ukraine from WW II collaborationists OUN UPA Waffen SS Galizien etc to present day neo Nazis 2019 seh 257 Before the war the moderate UNDO party was more important among Ukrainians in Poland than the radical nationalists of the OUN See Grzegorz Rossolinski Liebe The Ukrainian National Revolution of 1941 Shekhovtsov Anton The Creeping Resurgence of the Ukrainian Radical Right The Case of the Freedom Party Europe Asia Studies 63 2 mart 2011 207 210 doi 10 1080 09668136 2011 547696 Rudling Per Anders The Return of the Ukrainian Far Right The Case of VO Svoboda PDF Wodak and Richardson redaktor Analysing Fascist Discourse European Fascism in Talk and Text New York Routledge 2013 229 235 27 yanvar 2023 tarixinde arxivlesdirilib PDF Istifade tarixi 19 may 2025 Brown Kate A Biography of No Place ingilis Harvard University Press 2009 seh 214 ISBN 978 0 674 02893 7 OUN a nationalist terrorist organization which had plotted to create an independent Ukrainian state in eastern Poland and carried out the assassination of several Polish leaders in interwar Poland The OUN had many factions and was rife with ideological disputes but on the whole it harmonized with the fascist integral nationalist anticommunist and antisemitic profile of German National Socialists Edebiyyat span Armstrong John Ukrainian Nationalism New York Columbia University Press 1963 Breitman Richard Himmler and the Terrible Secret among the Executioners Journal of Contemporary History 26 3 4 1991 431 451 doi 10 1177 002200949102600305 ISSN 0022 0094 JSTOR 260654 Gomza I 2015 Elusive Proteus A study in the ideological morphology of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists Communist and Post Communist Studies 48 2 3 195 207 Himka John Paul Ukrainian Nationalists and the Holocaust Stuttgart ibidem 2021 ISBN 978 3 8382 1548 8 Himka John Paul Dieckmann Christoph Zeltser Arkadi redaktorlar John Paul Himka What Were They Thinking The Attitude of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists toward the Jews Distrust Animosity and Solidarity Jews and Non Jews during the Holocaust in the USSR Jerusalem Yad Vashem 2021 31 60 ISBN 978 965 308 644 9 Himka John Paul The Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists and the Ukrainian Insurgent Army Unwelcome Elements of an Identity Project Ab Imperio 2010 4 2010 83 101 doi 10 1353 imp 2010 0101 Kopstein Jeffrey S Pogroms Key Concepts in the Study of Antisemitism Cham Springer International Publishing 3 dekabr 2020 215 228 doi 10 1007 978 3 030 51658 1 17 ISBN 978 3 030 51657 4 Jonathan Levy The Intermarium Wilson Madison amp East Central European Federalism Lower Wendy Axis collaboration Operation Barbarossa and the Holocaust in Ukraine Alex J Kay Jeff Rutherford David Stahel redaktorlar Nazi Policy on the Eastern Front 1941 Total War Genocide and Radicalization University of Rochester Press 2012 ISBN 978 1 58046 407 9 Paul Robert Magocsi 1989 Morality and Reality the Life and Times of Andrei Sheptytskyi Edmonton Alberta Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies University of Alberta ISBN 0 920862 68 3 McBride Jared Peasants into Perpetrators The OUN UPA and the Ethnic Cleansing of Volhynia 1943 1944 Slavic Review 75 3 2016 630 654 doi 10 5612 slavicreview 75 3 063 inactive 23 yanvar 2025 Marchuk Ihor Rostislav Volishin Rostyslav Volyshyn ukrayna Toronto Lviv Litopys UPA 2012 seh 128 ISBN 978 1 897431 41 2 Marples David R Heroes and Villains Creating National History in Contemporary Ukraine Budapest New York Central European University Press 2007 seh 386 doi 10 1515 9786155211355 ISBN 9786155211355 JSTOR 10 7829 j ctt2jbn86 LCCN 2008028692 Grzegorz Motyka 2005 Sluzby bezpieczenstwa Polski i Czechoslowacji wobec Ukraincow 1945 1989 Instytut Pamieci Narodowej Warsaw ISBN 83 89078 86 4 pol Motyka Grzegorz Ukrainska partyzantka 1942 1960 Dzialalnosc Organizacji Ukrainskich Nacjonalistow i Ukrainskiej Powstanczej Armii Ukrainian partisans 1942 1960 Activities of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists and the Ukrainian Insurgent Army polyak Warsaw 2006 Motyka Grzegorz From the Volhynian Massacre to Operation Vistula The Polish Ukrainian Conflict 1943 1947 FOKUS 6 Paderborn Brill Publishers 11 noyabr 2022 321 ISBN 9783657795376 ISSN 2698 5020 LCCN 2023400821 Motyl Alexander J The turn to the right the ideological origins and development of Ukrainian nationalism 1919 1929 East European monograph series 65 New York Columbia University Press 1980 ISBN 9780914710585 Rossolinski Liebe Grzegorz The Ukrainian National Revolution of 1941 Discourse and Practice of a Fascist Movement Kritika Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History ingilis 12 1 2011 83 114 doi 10 1353 kri 2011 a411661 Rossolinski Liebe Grzegorz Debating Obfuscating and Disciplining the Holocaust Post Soviet Historical Discourses on the OUN UPA and other Nationalist Movements East European Jewish Affairs ingilis 42 3 2012 199 241 doi 10 1080 13501674 2012 730732 Rossolinski Liebe Grzegorz Stepan Bandera The Life and Afterlife of a Ukrainian Nationalist Fascism Genocide and Cult Columbia University Press 2014 ISBN 978 3838266848 Rossolinski Liebe Gregorz The Fascist Kernel of Ukrainian Genocidal Nationalism The Carl Beck Papers in Russian and East European Studies 2402 Pittsburgh The Center for Russian and East European Studies 2015 doi 10 5195 cbp 2015 204 Rossolinski Liebe Grzegorz 2019 Inter Fascist Conflicts in East Central Europe The Nazis the Austrofascists the Iron Guard and the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists In G Rossolinski Liebe amp A Bauerkamper Eds Fascism without Borders Transnational Connections and Cooperation between Movements and Regimes in Europe from 1918 to 1945 1st ed pp 168 191 Berghahn Books Rudling Per Anders The OUN the UPA and the Holocaust A Study in the Manufacturing of Historical Myths The Carl Beck Papers in Russian and East European Studies Carl Beck Papers 2107 2107 2011 doi 10 5195 cbp 2011 164 Rudling Per Anders Eugenics and racial anthropology in the Ukrainian radical nationalist tradition Science in Context 32 1 2019 67 91 doi 10 1017 S0269889719000048 hdl 2043 30799 PMID 31124775 Rudling Per Anders Tarnished Heroes The Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists in the Memory Politics of Post Soviet Ukraine Koln ibidem 2024 ISBN 978 3 8382 0999 9 Shkandrij M 2015 The Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists In Ukrainian Nationalism Politics Ideology and Literature 1929 1956 pp 101 132 Yale University Press Wladyslaw Siemaszko Siemaszko Ewa 2000 Ludobojstwo dokonane przez nacjonalistow ukrainskich na ludnosci polskiej Wolynia 1939 1945 Kancelaria Prezydenta Rzeczpospolitej Polskiej Warsaw tom I i II 1 433 pages photos quells ISBN 83 87689 34 3 pol Snyder Timothy The Causes of Ukrainian Polish Ethnic Cleansing 1943 PDF Past amp Present 179 2003 197 234 doi 10 1093 past 179 1 197 Subtelny Orest Ukraine A History Toronto University of Toronto Press 1988 ISBN 0 8020 5808 6 Wilson Andrew The Ukrainians Unexpected Nation New Haven Yale University Press 2000 ISBN 0 300 08355 6 Mikolajovich Antonyuk Yaroslav SB OUN na Volini Luck Volinska kniga 2007 176 s Mikolajovich Antonyuk Yaroslav SB OUN b na Volini taZahidnomu Polissi 1946 1951 Monografiya Luck Nadstir ya Klyuchi 2013 228 s Xarici kecidler span Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists webpage in Ukrainian Recent research papers about OUN on Academia edu Petelycky Stefan Into Auschwitz for Ukraine PDF Kashtan Press 1999 ISBN 978 1 896354 16 3 4 mart 2016 tarixinde arxivlesdirilib PDF Istifade tarixi 4 yanvar 2021 War memoirs of an OUN veteran Lugetler ve ensiklopediyalarBoyuk rus Britannica onlayn Normativ yoxlamaGND 5056096 7 ISNI 0000000110983264 LCCN n82165971 LNB 000161889 NKC ko2004227583 NUKAT n99050753 SUDOC 122612876 VIAF 252512870 134799647 WorldCat VIAF 252512870 134799647 Kateqoriyalar Elifba sirasina gore teskilatlar1929 cu ilde yaradilmis teskilatlar